Austrian Empire (1804-1867)
"The Austrian Empire (German Kaisertum Österreich) was a country that existed from 1804 to 1867. Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of German Nationality Franc II. On August 11, 1804 declared the Habsburg estate for the hereditary Austrian Empire. He responded to Napoleon's coronation for the French emperor. As the Austrian emperor, he assumed the monarch's name Francis I. Two years later, the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved. After Napoleon's defeat, at the Vienna Congress, Europe was politically re-formed. German states were linked to the German Union. The forms of governance and social relations remained unchanged, which in the multi-ethnic Austrian Empire caused more and more dissatisfaction and unrest. In the revolutionary year of 1848, the frustrated Metternich system of rule had to be withdrawn. The Hungarians declared the republic, but the young Emperor Francis Joseph did not recognize him, and with the help of Russia he overturned power, and Hungary punished the loss of all traditional state rights. In the empire, the strict, yet well centrally organized Bach Absolutism was reigned again. After the alliance with Russia and Prussia broke down and France supported the Italian struggle to unite Italy, Austria lost most of its Italian territories in the battlefield (1859). It began to look for a constitutional solution that would satisfy the peoples who remained in the empire. In the meantime, Bismarck's efforts to provide Prussia with hegemony over German states, Austria, after the German war, expelled from the German federation (1866). The agreements between the Austrians and Hungarians led to the mutual settlement and adoption of a constitution that transformed the empire into a dual Austro-Hungarian monarchy. " SOURCE: WIKIPEDIA |